Extreme weather and climate events are defined as small probability events where the value of a weather or climate variable is higher (or lower) than a certain upper (or lower) threshold of the range of the observed variable value, for which the probability of occurrence is generally less than 10%. There are growing perceptions of increasing climate extremes over the period of time, with changing climate. There are a large number of indicators related to climate extremes developed by Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI), established jointly by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the World Climate Research Program (WRCP).

Those indices, with observed data from the Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM), can be computed using tools/models like ClimPACT3. However, an atlas of those climate extremes in Nepal is yet to develop. Further, Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) is another precipitation extreme which are used in water resources development projects for estimating probable maximum flood (PMF).

In this context, to support with data/information for various potential users (e.g., professionals, government agencies, practitioners, academia, etc.) with authentic data/results, this research on “Atlas of Climate Extremes in Nepal” is developed. To disseminate the results for wider application, an online platform titled “Climate Extreme Information System for Nepal” is envisioned.